Bleeding in children with cancer

Abstract

Bleeding is often one of the presenting symptoms in children with cancer, either due to a haematological malignancy (e.g. leukaemia) or a non-haematological malignancy (e.g. neuroblastoma). It can also occur secondary to infection at diagnosis and throughout the treatment period. A thorough history and physical examination is therefore essential in ascertaining the pathophysiology of bleeding in any child with a bleeding tendency. Worrying symptoms and sign warrant special investigations. Cancer treatment regularly causes bleeding.
Platelet transfusion can be administered prophylactically or therapeutically. The most suitable platelet product need to be used for each patient and transfusion guidelines need to be strictly adhered to.